The members of the Security Council this morning agreed with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in saying that military measures would be insufficient to meet on their own the security challenges still worrying in eastern DRC, including the activity of armed groups, recruitment of children, illegal exploitation of mineral resources, gender-based violence, rising tribalism and hate speech.
For Ms. Bintou Keita, who is also the Head of the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO), the Congolese State must address the root causes of conflicts and implement the Disarmament Program, demobilization, community recovery and stabilization (PDDRC-S), among other security sector reform projects.
The Congolese representative recognized this reality, however calling for, at the time of the imminent extension of MONUSCO’s mandate, its two priorities, namely the protection of civilians and support for stabilization and reinforcement. state institutions, be maintained. In addition, he reiterated his government’s request that the measures of prior notification to the Sanctions Committee concerning his country be lifted for “any importation of military effects or assistance, advice and training related to the military activities of the Armed Forces. and security of the DRC ”.?
Coming to present the Secretary-General’s report, the Special Representative affirmed that the challenges facing the Congolese government “highlight” the limits of a strictly military approach to the protection of civilians and the neutralization of armed groups. A lasting solution to the violence in eastern DRC requires broader political commitment to address the root causes of conflict, she insisted.
Thus, the air strikes carried out in North Kivu and Ituri as well as in the Kamango zone, 50 km from Béni, by the DRC army, jointly with that of Uganda, against positions of the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), did not prevent human rights violations, nor for that matter the extension, for the thirteenth consecutive time, of the state of emergency declared last May in these two eastern provinces. Abuse has even increased by 10% compared to last year, noted Ms. Keita.
Several members of the Security Council, as well as the Chairman of the Committee established by resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the DRC, agreed with this analysis and the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s report. For the A3 + 1 groups –Tunisia, Niger, Kenya and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines–, it is “impossible” to resolve the “complicated” security situation in eastern DRC through the military option alone. An analysis that found echo on the side of France, Mexico, the Russian Federation and the United States.
Stabilizing eastern Congo certainly requires that the State restore its authority, but also that it maintain the confidence of the population in its ability to protect local populations, to administer, to administer justice and to respond to vital needs, a stressed Ms. Keita. The Congolese Government must also regain control of the situation by implementing the Framework Agreement for Peace, Security and Cooperation for the DRC and the Great Lakes Region, signed in Addis Ababa in 2013. Several members of the Council, including the Russian Federation, encouraged Kinshasa to fight against the illicit trade in mineral resources, which in addition to being one of the sources of the conflict, finances the activities of armed groups.
All the more reason for the Security Council to take “severe and exemplary” sanctions against all “mafia networks”, demanded for his part the Congolese representative, pointing the finger at “countries of transit or destination” or even them. “Multinationals” which illegally exploit Congolese minerals, and in return supply armed groups with arms and ammunition, thus perpetuating the conflict in the DRC and in the Great Lakes.
He assured the Council of his government’s determination to “absolutely” restore peace in the east and “inexorably” bring the DRC back to a true rule of law capable of managing and defending its borders and exercising the authority of the country. State throughout its territory.
The question of the transition plan for the “gradual, responsible and conditional” withdrawal of MONUSCO, which would begin in Tanganyika province and extend until June 2022, was also discussed. As its implementation progresses, it has been requested today, in particular by the defender of women’s rights and member of the Network of Women of Influence in Africa, Ms. Marie Madeleine Kalala, that this withdrawal not be “rushed” , but on the contrary be carried out in a “responsible”, “flexible” manner so as not to “squander the gains acquired”. A request also made by China, Ireland or the Russian Federation, while the United Kingdom summarized the methodology which must prevail: the objective of the withdrawal must be guided by an end state, more than by a end date.
THE SITUATION CONCERNING THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (S / 2021/987)
Statements
Ms. BINTOU KEITA, Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO), said that the challenges facing the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) , especially with regard to the protection of civilians in the east, are still relevant. On November 30, she recalled, the Armed Forces of the DRC (FARDC) initiated joint military operations with the Ugandan army against the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF). The air and artillery strikes against the positions of this armed group in North Kivu and Ituri were followed, the same day, by the arrival of Ugandan units on Congolese territory in Nobili, in North Kivu, which then headed for the Kamango area, 50 kilometers from Beni.
In addition, with a view to responding to the security challenges facing the east of the country, the Congolese authorities decided last May to declare a state of siege in the provinces of Ituri and North Kivu, state which has just been extended for the thirteenth consecutive time. But the challenges facing the Government in its implementation highlight the limits of a strictly military approach to the protection of civilians and the neutralization of armed groups. Indeed, since the establishment of the state of siege, abuses and violations of human rights have increased by 10%, compared to the previous period. Acts attributable, in the great majority, to armed groups and the Congolese security forces. Gold, a lasting solution to the violence in eastern DRC requires broader political commitment to address the root causes of conflict. In order to stabilize eastern Congo, the state must succeed in restoring and maintaining the confidence of the population in their ability to protect, administer, deliver justice and meet their basic needs. I have emphasized this regularly in my exchanges with the Head of State and the Prime Minister, she said.
Regarding the humanitarian situation, Ms. Keita assured that it continues to deteriorate in the east of the country, due to insecurity and epidemics, combined with limited access to basic services. The number of internally displaced people stands at nearly six million today, of which 51% are women, the highest number of internally displaced people on the African continent. To this has been added the emergence of new cases of the Ebola virus. However, the Humanitarian Response Plan for the DRC has so far received only 34% of the necessary funding, lamented the Special Representative, before appealing to international donors. With regard to the Disarmament, Demobilization, Community Recovery and Stabilization Program (PDDRC-S), the Government has established a joint technical working group to ensure coordination between the United Nations and the Congolese authorities as part of its operationalization. The National Coordination should sensitize all the actors concerned, including the defense and security forces, on the civilian and decentralized nature of the program, by favoring the community reintegration of combatants and by banning any amnesty and automatic integration into the army, in accordance with to the agreed principles.
Turning to the transition plan for the gradual, responsible and conditional withdrawal of MONUSCO, its implementation is progressing. At the national level, the Mission, the United Nations country team and the Government continue to coordinate the implementation of the joint transition plan presented to the Council last October, through a joint working group. At the provincial level, MONUSCO and the country team, in collaboration with national and international stakeholders, are implementing the triple humanitarian-development-peace approach in Tanganyika, in anticipation of the withdrawal of the Mission from the province of by June 2022. At the same time, in the Kasai region, the United Nations system remains focused on pursuing efforts aimed at sustaining the gains of peace consolidation,
Ms. Keita also welcomed the holding of the general assembly against corruption, organized by the Government in October, which resulted in a series of recommendations aimed at reforming and strengthening the regulatory system and state anti-corruption agencies. against corruption. “I encourage the Congolese authorities to continue implementing measures against corruption,” she said, adding that the illegal exploitation of natural resources is a major factor of conflict that must be fought. In this regard, she said she was “encouraged” by the Government’s efforts to reform the mining sector and reiterated the readiness of the Mission to support these efforts, within the limits of its mandate and the means at its disposal. In the same way, she declared herself “encouraged” by the recent meetings between the presidency, the Prime Minister and the Presidents of the Senate and of the National Assembly with the leaders of the Catholic and Protestant churches, which made it possible to reduce the tensions arising from the appointment. challenged by the leaders of the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI). “I encourage them to continue their efforts to promote a peaceful, credible and violence-free electoral process,” said the senior official. MONUSCO will continue to use its good offices to help build trust among all stakeholders. A national consensus on the reform of the electoral law will be absolutely essential in this regard, she said in conclusion. the Prime Minister and the Presidents of the Senate and of the National Assembly with the leaders of the Catholic and Protestant churches, which made it possible to reduce the tensions arising from the contested appointment of the leaders of the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI). “I encourage them to continue their efforts to promote a peaceful, credible and violence-free electoral process,” said the senior official. MONUSCO will continue to use its good offices to help build trust among all stakeholders. A national consensus on the reform of the electoral law will be absolutely essential in this regard, she said in conclusion. the Prime Minister and the Presidents of the Senate and of the National Assembly with the leaders of the Catholic and Protestant churches, which made it possible to reduce the tensions arising from the contested appointment of the leaders of the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI). “I encourage them to continue their efforts to promote a peaceful, credible and violence-free electoral process,” said the senior official. MONUSCO will continue to use its good offices to help build trust among all stakeholders. A national consensus on the reform of the electoral law will be absolutely essential in this regard, she said in conclusion. which made it possible to reduce the tensions arising from the disputed appointment of the leaders of the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI). “I encourage them to continue their efforts to promote a peaceful, credible and violence-free electoral process,” said the senior official. MONUSCO will continue to use its good offices to help build trust among all stakeholders. A national consensus on the reform of the electoral law will be absolutely essential in this regard, she said in conclusion. which made it possible to reduce the tensions arising from the disputed appointment of the leaders of the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI). “I encourage them to continue their efforts to promote a peaceful, credible and violence-free electoral process,” said the senior official. MONUSCO will continue to use its good offices to help build trust among all stakeholders. A national consensus on the reform of the electoral law will be absolutely essential in this regard, she said in conclusion. MONUSCO will continue to use its good offices to help build trust among all stakeholders. A national consensus on the reform of the electoral law will be absolutely essential in this regard, she said in conclusion. MONUSCO will continue to use its good offices to help build trust among all stakeholders. A national consensus on the reform of the electoral law will be absolutely essential in this regard, she said in conclusion.
Speaking in his capacity as member of the Council presiding over the Security Council Committee established by resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Mr. ABDOU ABARRY (Niger) said that during his mission to Kinshasa, from November 6 to 10, 2021, where he was accompanied in particular by representatives of Estonia, France, India, Ireland, Kenya, Mexico, Norway, United Kingdom United and of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the delegation had fruitful discussions with various Congolese authorities, in particular the Prime Minister and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the Special Advisor to the President of the Republic in charge of youth, gender and violence against women and the Auditor General of the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo,specified the Chairman of the 1533 Committee.
The delegation also met with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, and the Deputy Special Representative, Mr. David McLachlan-Karr, and took stock with MONUSCO officials on the political landscape, security conditions, rights and the humanitarian situation, in addition to a briefing with the UN Mine Action Service. She also met, separately, with representatives of the diplomatic community and civil society organizations, including women’s groups, as well as with the senior official of the follow-up mechanism on the Democratic Republic of the Congo, who traveled to Kinshasa with one of its technical experts.
Overall, the delegation’s discussions focused on the security conditions in the east of the country, including the activity of armed groups; the diversion of weapons by armed groups; the use of improvised explosive devices by suspected elements of the Allied Democratic Forces; human rights violations committed by all actors, including sexual violence in times of conflict; and illegal exploitation of natural resources. The effects of the state of siege in North Kivu and Ituri, as well as preparations for local and national elections in 2023, were also on the agenda. Many interlocutors encouraged the 1533 Committee to consider imposing additional sanctions on individuals and entities engaging in acts that compromise the peace,
Mr. Abarry reported that the situation in the east was still marked by insecurity and human rights violations, expressing deep concern at incitement to hatred speech, especially against the Banyamulenge in the south. -Kivu, and the recruitment of children and the illegal exploitation of natural resources. Finally, the President welcomed the commitment of the Congolese Government to fight against sexual violence, hoping that the discussions will contribute to the reduction of the trafficking of small arms and light weapons along the country’s borders.
Ms. MARIE MADELEINE KALALA, activist for women’s rights, member of the Network of Women of Influence in Africa, deplored that her country, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), is still facing “the same turbulence”. She judged “imperative” that the parties manage to come to an agreement so that the upcoming electoral process is appeased, stressing that the office of the Independent National Electoral Commission remains incomplete due to lack of consensus with the opposition.
The speaker recalled that insecurity in the east of the country remains a scourge with the looting of natural resources, the massacre of populations and the proliferation of armed bands and its corollaries, child soldiers and raped women. Regarding the social situation, Ms. Kalala was concerned about the precariousness in which the Congolese live. She cited the Secretary-General’s report on MONUSCO, which found that the number of internally displaced people exceeded 5.7 million, of which 51 percent were women.
She expressed particular concern at the progression of human rights violations highlighted in the Secretary-General’s report, in particular the 131% increase in violations linked to the democratic space due to an increase in threats made against them. members of civil society organizations and violations of the right to peaceful assembly. “It is therefore necessary for the state to continue its efforts to protect citizens,” said Ms. Kalala. She also condemned violence against women, the rise of tribalism and hate speech. Finally, regarding MONUSCO’s transition plan, she concluded that “this withdrawal should not be rushed”, and must take into account the various problems facing the DRC.
Mr. NICOLAS DE RIVIÈRE (France) urged support for progress at the regional and domestic levels, indicating his support for President Tshisekedi’s initiatives to strengthen engagement with neighboring states. The operationalization of the Contact and Coordination Group for Non-Military Measures will be a further step to consolidate confidence and build peace, he said, also citing the next meeting of the monitoring mechanism of the framework agreement. of Addis Ababa organized by the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Noting also the strengthening of the fight against impunity, “with the conviction of more than 200 individuals for acts of sexual violence”, France welcomes the work to establish a reparation fund for the victims of this violence. Efforts must also be pursued to establish a national transitional justice strategy, in order to support reconciliation, advocated the representative, before calling on all parties to work to put in place the conditions conducive to the holding of a poll. credible, inclusive and peaceful in 2023. “The preservation of democratic space is therefore essential. “
Mr. de Rivière called for converging efforts to protect populations and meet their needs. He stressed that close collaboration between all actors, including with MONUSCO and the States of the region, is essential. “In all circumstances, France will remain attentive to the risks of exactions, violations of human rights and the protection of civilian populations. Stressing that military measures are insufficient without prospects for those who have chosen peace, he drew attention to the new disarmament program. Then referring to the growing humanitarian needs, the representative condemned the kidnapping of two personnel working for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in North Kivu on November 30. Health is a challenge, he added, ensuring that France remains mobilized within the framework of the Franco-Congolese roadmap to fight against epidemics. Finally, the engagement of the United Nations remains essential to contribute to peace, stabilization and institution building. Mr. de Rivière called on MONUSCO, United Nations agencies, funds and programs to act in concert, by strengthening their integration and by multiplying joint programs, encouraging international and regional partners to increase their support to achieve the objectives set by the MONUSCO Transition Plan. stabilization and strengthening of institutions. Mr. de Rivière called on MONUSCO, United Nations agencies, funds and programs to act in concert, by strengthening their integration and by multiplying joint programs, encouraging international and regional partners to increase their support to achieve the objectives set by the MONUSCO Transition Plan. stabilization and strengthening of institutions. Mr. de Rivière called on MONUSCO, United Nations agencies, funds and programs to act in concert, by strengthening their integration and by multiplying joint programs, encouraging international and regional partners to increase their support to achieve the objectives set by the MONUSCO Transition Plan.
Mr. MARTIN KIMANI (Kenya), on behalf of the A3 + 1 group, said he was encouraged by the efforts of the Congolese President to ensure a credible and transparent electoral process. Welcoming the promotion of freedom of expression as well as the participation of women and girls in the decision-making process, the representative called on the international community to continue to support the Government of the DRC, including by supporting the Program of action 2021-2023.
We remain gravely concerned at the deteriorating humanitarian situation in eastern DRC, compounded by pervasive insecurity, Mr. Kimani said. Welcoming the Government’s efforts to pacify the region and restore state authority, the representative then stressed the importance of ensuring security by promoting zero tolerance for gender-based violence. He also drew attention to the multiplication of humanitarian needs due to the “alarming number of internally displaced persons”. Kimani called for urgent contributions to the 2021 response plan, also urging the UN and Member States to relaunch support for refugees in respective host countries. In addition, welcoming the efforts of the government forces of the DRC and MONUSCO against the armed groups, Mr. Kimani stressed the importance of continuing to assist them, in particular through the strengthening of joint military operations and the sharing of information. We cannot face threats only by military means, he further stressed, welcoming the Disarmament Program.
Noting then the dangerous links that exist between resource exploitation and arms trafficking, the group encouraged MONUSCO to help the Congolese government to curb funding for armed groups, as well as to monitor and curb supply chains for them. natural resources illegally exploited and diverted. The protection of civilians in conflict zones remains essential, said Mr. Kimani, urging the specialized agencies of the United Nations to make it a “top priority”. Finally, Kenya encouraged the Secretary-General to conduct regular strategic reviews of MONUSCO. Reaffirming its commitment to the principle of subsidiarity, the country encouraged cooperation between regional organizations,
Mr. JUAN RAMÓN DE LA FUENTE RAMÍREZ (Mexico) considered it essential that the Council appeal to the authorities to respect the participation of women in political life and in the elections scheduled for 2023. The security situation remains very worrying, a- He stressed, MONUSCO’s mandate remains inescapable, as shown by the 215 attacks perpetrated this year by armed groups. Regarding the latest joint operations with Ugandan forces in Ituri and North Kivu provinces, the delegate urged the protection of MONUSCO personnel. While he understood the urgency of restoring order, he insisted on the fact that there is no purely military solution. Regarding MONUSCO’s transition, While recognizing the active role of the Government of the DRC in the application of the transition plan and the national framework of transitional justice, he considered that the cooperation is good. Mr. de la Fuente Ramírez further recommended capacity building, given the persistence of the diversion of small arms and light weapons. Finally, he considered that the trial and conviction of Mr. Chance Mihonya Kolokolo are a sign of progress in the fight against impunity and the illegal exploitation of natural resources, one of the underlying reasons for the conflict, according to him. given the persistence of the diversion of small arms and light weapons. Finally, he considered that the trial and conviction of Mr. Chance Mihonya Kolokolo are a sign of progress in the fight against impunity and the illegal exploitation of natural resources, one of the underlying reasons for the conflict, according to him. given the persistence of the diversion of small arms and light weapons. Finally, he considered that the trial and conviction of Mr. Chance Mihonya Kolokolo are a sign of progress in the fight against impunity and the illegal exploitation of natural resources, one of the underlying reasons for the conflict, according to him.
Ms. LINDA THOMAS-GREENFIELD (United States) returned to the evolution of the security environment, the role of MONUSCO and its eventual withdrawal, as well as the fight against allegations of sexual abuse. The situation in North Kivu and Ituri remains very serious, lamented the representative, indicating in particular monitoring hate speech. Noting last week’s military operations with Uganda and welcoming Congolese efforts to deal with the violence, she stressed that “the fight against terrorism requires international cooperation”. She thus urged the DRC and Uganda to coordinate with MONUSCO, believing that it is “essential” for their success. Humanitarian actors must also be included, she said. Believing then that military means alone are not sufficient to remedy the root causes of the conflict, Ms. Thomas-Greenfield hoped that the voices of the people would be heard. In addition, the United States has expressed its readiness to help the Congolese government organize the next elections. But the representative said MONUSCO’s transition will not be easy. This implies that the Government of the DRC implements its community-based disarmament, demobilization and reintegration program. Finally, she called for the fight against sexual exploitation. This year, MONUSCO recorded 20 new allegations in this direction, she denounced, adding that “it undermines the effectiveness of the mission”. She must continue to properly investigate these allegations, she urged,
Mr. PHAM HAI ANH (Viet Nam) said that peace and stability will continue to elude the populations of the affected regions if the underlying causes of instability and violence are not fully addressed. New strategies are needed to ensure the protection of civilians, restore state authority, combat illegal activities related to natural resources, promote reconciliation between communities and combat hate speech. Regional cooperation is the key to meeting common security challenges and promoting the socio-economic development of the population, continued the delegate. Viet Nam fully supports the efforts of the Government of the DRC in the implementation of the Disarmament, Demobilization, Community Recovery and Stabilization (PDDRC-S) and other security sector reform projects. Mr. Pham also said that MONUSCO’s role in assisting the people of the DRC remains crucial. For this reason, the delegation strongly supports the continued presence of the Mission on the ground, especially as the situation in Ituri, North Kivu and South Kivu continues to require special attention, even if it is improving in Tanganyika province.
Mr. BING DAI (China) noted that the Congolese Government had taken measures to try to restore peace and stability throughout its territory, especially in the east of the country. However, the military option is insufficient to restore peace and stability, since the root causes of conflicts must be addressed, particularly in the context of the implementation of the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration plan or the provision of services. basic and jobs. For these reasons, the delegation expressed the view that cooperation between MONUSCO and the Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes region should be strengthened, in order to reduce the serious risks of conflict.
Regarding the humanitarian situation and its funding, the representative called on international partners to keep their commitments. China, for its part, has announced the provision of a billion additional doses of COVID-19 vaccines and plans to increase the amount of international trade with Africa to the tune of $ 300 billion, to which is added training, investment or capacity building programs. All this will benefit the DRC, further assured the representative.
Regarding MONUSCO’s mandate, China said it was in favor of its extension, believing, however, that any exit strategy must be applied in a “responsible” manner, so as not to squander the gains acquired. With regard to sanctions, the delegation is also of the opinion that the point of view of the DRC must be taken into account, so as not to reduce its capacities to defend stability on its territory, the representative concluded.
In turn, Mr. ODD INGE KVALHEIM (Norway) expressed concern about the security situation in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and the humanitarian crisis in the country. Despite the imposition of a state of siege, the threat from armed groups persists and indiscriminate attacks against civilians, including the ADF, continue, he said, also hoping that ground operations carried out. currently by the FARDC and Uganda to respond to ADF cross-border threats will bear fruit. Norway expressed concern, however, that these operations could lead to an escalation of violence and threats against the civilian population, urging all parties to do their utmost to protect civilians and their livelihoods. She also called on all parties to fully inform MONUSCO of their activities, further encouraging the 1533 Committee to review the implementation of the sanctions regime by the DRC to ensure that it responds to the evolving situation. in the field. She recalled that the individuals and entities designated by the Committee must include the perpetrators of acts undermining the peace, stability or security of the country, including acts constituting human rights violations or abuses. or violations of international humanitarian law. She then focused on women’s participation in peacebuilding, noting progress while highlighting the potential for increased direct participation and stronger support for local women’s organizations. Regarding MONUSCO’s transition,
Ms. GERALDINE BYRNE NASON (Ireland) expressed deep concern at the deteriorating security and humanitarian situation in eastern DRC. The state of siege, introduced as an extraordinary and provisional measure, has been renewed 13 times, which, for the representative, raises significant concerns about its long-term impact, in particular with regard to the liability of members. security forces that collaborate with armed groups. She also expressed concern at reports of gender-based and gender-based violence, and other serious human rights violations and abuses, including by state actors. She said MONUSCO’s work to document these acts and support survivors is essential. Regarding the elections scheduled for 2023, “A pivotal moment for the Democratic Republic of the Congo”, Ms. Byrne Nason regretted the recent tensions related to the appointments and said that MONUSCO should continue to engage with key actors to promote timely, transparent political processes , inclusive and peaceful. In addition, she welcomed the publication of the transition plan for the phased exit of MONUSCO. There needs to be enough flexibility in this plan in case of unforeseen setbacks and challenges, she insisted, adding that women, youth and civil society must continue to be fully included in the implementation and monitoring of the transition. Also, Ms. Byrne Nason welcomed the positive assessment of the performance of MONUSCO and its police components. Ms. Byrne Nason regretted recent tensions over the appointments and said MONUSCO should continue to engage with key actors to promote timely, transparent, inclusive and peaceful political processes. In addition, she welcomed the publication of the transition plan for the phased exit of MONUSCO. There needs to be enough flexibility in this plan in case of unforeseen setbacks and challenges, she insisted, adding that women, youth and civil society must continue to be fully included in the implementation and monitoring of the transition. Also, Ms. Byrne Nason welcomed the positive assessment of the performance of MONUSCO and its police components. Ms. Byrne Nason regretted recent tensions over the appointments and said MONUSCO should continue to engage with key actors to promote timely, transparent, inclusive and peaceful political processes. In addition, she welcomed the publication of the transition plan for the phased exit of MONUSCO. There needs to be enough flexibility in this plan in case of unforeseen setbacks and challenges, she insisted, adding that women, youth and civil society must continue to be fully included in the implementation and monitoring of the transition. Also, Ms. Byrne Nason welcomed the positive assessment of the performance of MONUSCO and its police components. transparent, inclusive and peaceful. In addition, she welcomed the publication of the transition plan for the phased exit of MONUSCO. There needs to be enough flexibility in this plan in case of unforeseen setbacks and challenges, she insisted, adding that women, youth and civil society must continue to be fully included in the implementation and monitoring of the transition. Also, Ms. Byrne Nason welcomed the positive assessment of the performance of MONUSCO and its police components. transparent, inclusive and peaceful. In addition, she welcomed the publication of the transition plan for the phased exit of MONUSCO. There needs to be enough flexibility in this plan in case of unforeseen setbacks and challenges, she insisted, adding that women, youth and civil society must continue to be fully included in the implementation and monitoring of the transition. Also, Ms. Byrne Nason welcomed the positive assessment of the performance of MONUSCO and its police components. young people and civil society must continue to be fully included in the implementation and monitoring of the transition. Also, Ms. Byrne Nason welcomed the positive assessment of the performance of MONUSCO and its police components. young people and civil society must continue to be fully included in the implementation and monitoring of the transition. Also, Ms. Byrne Nason welcomed the positive assessment of the performance of MONUSCO and its police components.
Mr. SVEN JÜRGENSON (Estonia) praised the Congolese Government for “the positive results” in maintaining political stability and for its commitments to electoral reforms in the run-up to the 2023 elections. He considered it essential that this momentum be maintained to ensure credible, inclusive and peaceful elections, with the full participation of women, on an equal footing. He noted an intensification of insecurity in the eastern provinces despite the continuing state of siege in North Kivu and Ituri. The delegate encouraged the Government of the DRC to identify gaps during its assessment of the application of the state of siege, and to ensure coordination of all forces on the ground, in transparency for the purpose of upholding human rights and obligations under international humanitarian law. Mr. Jürgenson denounced the abuses and violations of human rights, in particular sexual and gender-based violence, perpetrated by armed groups as well as by state agents, and which are the daily lot of women and children in the DRC. In this context, he said that the first trial in South Kivu for the recruitment of children in the conflict will bring new impetus to accountability and fight against impunity. He commended the continued engagement of the Special Representative and MONUSCO with the Government and international stakeholders on the implementation of the transition plan. Jürgenson denounced the abuses and violations of human rights, including sexual and gender-based violence, perpetrated by both armed groups and state agents, which are the daily lot of women and children in the DRC. In this context, he said that the first trial in South Kivu for the recruitment of children in the conflict will bring new impetus to accountability and fight against impunity. He commended the continued engagement of the Special Representative and MONUSCO with the Government and international stakeholders on the implementation of the transition plan. Jürgenson denounced the abuses and violations of human rights, including sexual and gender-based violence, perpetrated by both armed groups and state agents, which are the daily lot of women and children in the DRC. In this context, he said that the first trial in South Kivu for the recruitment of children in the conflict will bring new impetus to accountability and fight against impunity. He commended the continued engagement of the Special Representative and MONUSCO with the Government and international stakeholders on the implementation of the transition plan. He said the first trial in South Kivu for the recruitment of children in the conflict will provide new momentum for accountability and the fight against impunity. He commended the continued engagement of the Special Representative and MONUSCO with the Government and international stakeholders on the implementation of the transition plan. He said the first trial in South Kivu for the recruitment of children in the conflict will provide new momentum for accountability and the fight against impunity. He commended the continued engagement of the Special Representative and MONUSCO with the Government and international stakeholders on the implementation of the transition plan.
Mr RAVINDRA RAGUTTAHALLI (India) deplored the intensification of the activities of armed groups in the DRC, mainly the Allied Democratic Forces, which have gained in strength in recent months and have committed terrorist attacks targeting civilians not only inside the country. countries but also beyond. However, he said, while military action against armed groups is important, progress in security sector reform and the implementation of the Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration and Community Stabilization Program will not can be ignored. We must also redouble our efforts to minimize inter-community conflicts, he added. In addition, concerning the composition of the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI), the representative hoped that the differences expressed by some stakeholders would be resolved peacefully and through dialogue. Referring to the imminent extension of MONUSCO’s mandate, Mr. Raguttahalli said the situation on the ground should guide his eventual withdrawal, while ensuring that the gains made in the provinces prone to violence are firmly established to avoid any reversal. “The transition and eventual exit from MONUSCO must be gradual, responsible and orderly,” Raguttahalli said. while ensuring that the gains made in the provinces prone to violence are firmly established to avoid any reversal. “The transition and eventual exit from MONUSCO must be gradual, responsible and orderly,” Raguttahalli said. while ensuring that the gains made in the provinces prone to violence are firmly established to avoid any reversal. “The transition and eventual exit from MONUSCO must be gradual, responsible and orderly,” Raguttahalli said.
Deeming the situations in eastern and northeastern DRC to be “complicated”, ANNA M. EVSTIGNEEVA (Russian Federation) hoped that the Government will manage to regain control of the security situation and implement the program. disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. In addition, it is crucial to regain control of mineral resources, the illicit trade of which, in addition to being a source of conflict, finances the activities of armed groups. The Russian Federation hopes that the Congolese Government will also succeed in doing so. The representative was also concerned about the “very grim” humanitarian situation, especially since the humanitarian response plan is only 34% funded. With regard to MONUSCO’s transition plan, it took note of the expectations of the DRC and considered that it is “impossible” to achieve stabilization of the country by the only military option. Calling for the full implementation of the Framework Agreement for Peace, Security and Cooperation for the DRC and the Great Lakes Region, signed in Addis Ababa in 2013, she welcomed the steps taken by the Congolese President for this purpose.
After the launch of joint operations against the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), Mr. JAMES PAUL ROSCOE (United Kingdom) stressed the need for effective information sharing and coordination between the People’s Defense Forces of Uganda (FDPO), the armed forces of the DRC (FARDC) and MONUSCO in any military action, as well as with humanitarian actors to allow access to people likely to be displaced. He also stressed the need to conduct all operations with full respect for human rights and international humanitarian law. In addition, the delegate called on the Government of the DRC to ensure that the state of siege is transparent, limited in time and implemented in full respect of international humanitarian law and human rights. As the renewal of MONUSCO’s mandate approaches, he called for progress in the implementation of the transition plan, but also the consolidation of MONUSCO’s presence in the provinces of Ituri, North Kivu and of South Kivu, in order to allow him to concentrate on the minimum conditions required for his eventual exit. “The UK supports a gradual and sustainable withdrawal from MONUSCO, guided by an end state, rather than an end date,” his representative concluded.
Mr. PAUL LOSOKO EFAMBE EMPOLE (Democratic Republic of the Congo), affirmed at the outset that the political situation remained calm and that the national discussions were dominated by the planning of the elections of 2023. Thus, after the nomination by the Congolese President, the October 22, leaders of the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI); the real needs are being assessed with a view to the holding of credible elections within the time limits provided for by law. He explained that it is only at the end of this exercise that the Government will be able to decide on any assistance needs from bilateral and multilateral partners. The representative referred in this specific context to the interview, on November 26, between President Tshisekedi and the bishops members of CENCO to exchange views and make proposals with a view to supporting the electoral process that everyone wants to be transparent, peaceful and efficient. He also reported on contacts with neighboring countries with a view to improving “good neighborly” relations and cooperation, and the signing with Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi and Angola of agreements in the economic and security fields.
He also insisted on the fact that the security situation remains under the control of the Defense and Security Forces of the DRC, while recalling the “harmful” presence of national and foreign armed groups, which continue to “sow the seeds of violence. desolation and mourning “the population in the eastern part of the country, which is the priority of the Head of State, determined to” the total eradication “of all armed groups. It is with this objective that, by virtue of his constitutional prerogatives, the Congolese President had decreed a state of siege, which still remains in force, he explained, also explaining that the “major offensive operations mutualized DRC- Uganda ”were launched to reinforce FARC-MONUSCO operations with the aim of fully restoring peace,
Regarding the regional mechanism of understanding on concerted and targeted FARDC-FDPO operations, the Congolese representative said that it relates to the eradication of ADF / MTM and their auxiliaries. The two armies, Congolese and Ugandan, passed to the “execution phase” on November 30, 2021.
As for the humanitarian situation, it is mainly dominated by the resurgence of COVID-19, the resumption of Ebola disease and the problem of refugees and internally displaced people, he said, adding that the number of displaced people stands at 5.7 million and that of refugees at 500,000, according to figures in the Secretary-General’s report (S / 2021/987). The Congolese representative went on to say that the identification of these displaced persons and their places of return constitute security devices that will help many of them in the context of the protection of civilians. The same goes for refugees, who sometimes are victims of suspicion related to the security situation, especially those who do not respect the instructions relating to their status, he added,
“We absolutely must restore peace in the east and inexorably bring the DRC back to the reconstruction of a true rule of law based on an efficient administration”, capable of better managing and better defending its borders, as well as exercising it. State authority over the entire extent of its territory, urged Mr. Ephambe.
Regarding the gradual withdrawal of MONUSCO, he indicated that this will be done in parallel with a temporary reinforcement of the police and civilian component, before referring to the signing, on September 15, of the transition plan for the staggered departure of MONUSCO. For the DRC, the two priorities previously entrusted to the Mission – protection of civilians and support for stabilization and strengthening of State institutions – should be maintained. He advocated “a robust and focused posture” of MONUSCO in conflict zones, particularly the three provinces where the state of siege is in force. It will also have to strengthen its geolocation and adaptation capacities to “asymmetric warfare”, as well as finalize the reconfiguration and deployment of troops, the representative further recommended.
Regarding institutional support, he insisted on the priority action represented by the demobilization, disarmament and reintegration of combatants from local armed groups. He also reiterated the DRC’s request regarding the lifting of the application to its country of the measures of prior notification to the 1807 Sanctions Committee “for any importation of military effects or any assistance, advice and training. linked to the military activities of the DRC Armed and Security Forces ”.
Mr. Ephambe, on the other hand, demanded that “severe and exemplary” sanctions be taken against all “mafia networks”, whether they are “countries of transit or destination”, or even against “multinationals”. who illegally exploit Congolese minerals, and in return supply the armed groups with arms and ammunition, thus perpetuating the conflict in the DRC and the Great Lakes Region.
He wished to recall, in conclusion, that the renewal of MONUSCO’s mandate was not “a simple routine”, but a very important exercise for the future of his country.
Source: UN Security Council